Grammar Guide: The Use of 'IF'
Introduction to 'IF'
We use 'if' in a sentence to express a condition. A sentence containing 'if' typically has two types of clauses:
- Principal Clause: The main part of the sentence.
- Adverb Clause of Condition (Sub-ordinate Clause): The part containing the condition.
Example: "If you study hard, you will get good marks."
Principal clause: you will get good marks.
Sub-ordinate clause: if you study hard.
Three Types of Conditions
We can express three different conditions by using 'if' in a clause:
1. Probable Condition (संभवनीय शक्यता)
When expressing a probable condition, there is a specific tense agreement: the Subordinate clause uses the Simple Present tense, while the Principal clause uses the Simple Future tense (or future-indicating present tense using will, shall, can, or must).
Example 1: If you study hard, you will get good marks.
Example 2: If roads develop along highways, traffic can be regulated.
2. Improbable Condition (असंभाव्य शक्यता)
When expressing an improbable condition, the Subordinate clause must use the Simple Past tense, and the Principal clause uses a 'would + V1' structure.
Example 1: If we studied hard, we would get good job.
Example 2: If men were birds, they would fly in the sky.
3. Impossible Condition (अशक्य अट)
In this type, there is no possibility to complete the condition. The Subordinate clause uses the Past Perfect tense, and the Principal clause uses a 'would + have + V3' structure.
Example 1: If he had studied hard, he would have passed.
Example 2: If he had submitted the form, he would have joined the service.
Tense Agreement Summary Table
| Condition | If Clause (Adverb Clause) | Principal / Main Clause |
|---|---|---|
| Probable (संभवनीय) | Simple Present (साधा वर्तमानकाळ) | Simple Future (साधा भविष्यकाळ/तत्सम रचना) |
| Improbable (असंभाव्य/अविश्वसनीय) | Simple Past (साधा भूतकाळ) | would + V1 (क्रियापदाचे मूळ रूप) |
| Impossible (अशक्य) | Past Perfect (पूर्ण भूतकाळ) | would + have + V3 (क्रियापदाचे तिसरे रूप) |
Download the Original Lesson
Want to keep a copy of this lesson for offline reading or classroom? Download the App - English Yuvakbharati from the Google Play Store. Link is Below.
📥 Download Lesson PDF
English Yuvakbharati App
11th & 12th Class SSC/HSC Notes, Lessons & Poems. Simple, secure, and friendly!
Comments
No comments:
Post a Comment